Tarsila de Aguiar do Amaral (1886-1973) was a Brazilian painter, draftswoman and translator.
She is considered one of the leading Latin American modernist artists, and is regarded as the painter who best achieved Brazilian aspirations for nationalistic expression in a modern style.
As a member of the Grupo dos Cinco, Tarsila is also considered a major influence in the modern art movement in Brazil, alongside Anita Malfatti, Menotti Del Picchia, Mário de Andrade and Oswald de Andrade.